Amerorchis rotundifolia
 
Round-Leaved Orchid

Rootstock 

Duck Mountain Provincial Park
28-June-2007

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Amerorchis: Answers to key questions in Lilies, Irises & Orchids of Saskatchewan by Vernon L. Harms and Anna L. Leighton leading to this genus. The answers are in the order you would normally work through the key. 
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Plants green, with at least some green leaf-blades, these sometimes early withering or late developing; flowering stems green (pale pink to purplish-red in Calypso bulbosa), bearing sheathing bracts in some species; rootstocks not coral-like; capsules spreading to erect (occasionally drooping when old); NOT [Plants non-green saprophytes lacking leaf-blades; flowering stems yellowish to purplish-red or brown (pale greenish-yellow in C. trifid), bearing sheathing bracts; rhizomes rootless, coral-like in their branching; capsules drooping]

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Flowers 3 or more in a spike-like inflorescence, small, often inconspicuous; lip usually less than 1 cm long, but if longer, neither inflated nor broad and flat; NOT [Flowers 1 to 2 per stalk (occasionally more in Cypripedium reginae and C. montanum), large, showy; lip 1 cm long or longer, either inflated or broad and flat]

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Lip spurred (spur short and bag-like in Coeloglossum  viride)

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Lip white with roseate spots, ovate in outline with a pair of protruding lateral lobes near base; terminal lobe flared and usually notched; flower stems naked with a single leaf present at base of stalk and arising from rhizomes with slender roots; NOT [Lip yellowish-green (often tinged with red  in Coeloglossum) or white, unmarked, narrower, tongue- or strap-shaped, lacking lateral  lobes; flower stems leafy (except in Platanthera obtusata which has a single leaf at base of stem, and Platanthera orbiculata, which has two leaves, both basal) arising from clusters of thick roots]

 

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Orchidaceae: Answers to key questions in Budd's Flora  leading to this family. 
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plants NOT aquatic

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flowers irregular; NOT [flowers regular]

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perianth present, conspicuous, in two series of 3 segments, often brightly colored; NOT [perianth absent or inconspicuous]

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perianth usually large, consisting of sepals and petals usually alike, variously colored; NOT [perianth small, consisting of 3 green sepals and 3 whitish petals]

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petals NOT deciduous

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stamens 1 or 2; NOT [stamens 3 or 6]